Heme (Hemoglobin)

Heme is an iron-containing compound that forms the core structure of hemoglobin and myoglobin, the proteins responsible for oxygen transport in blood and muscle. It is essential for cellular respiration and energy production.

**Properties**:
– Contains iron in the ferrous state (Fe²⁺), enabling oxygen binding.
– Stable in biological systems but sensitive to oxidation.

**Applications**:
1. **Medical Research**: Used in studies on oxygen transport and blood disorders.
2. **Food Industry**: Added to plant-based meat alternatives to mimic the taste and color of real meat.
3. **Nutritional Supplements**: Provides bioavailable iron for treating anemia.

**Effects**:
– Enhances oxygen delivery and energy production in the body.
– Improves the sensory qualities of plant-based foods.